Journal: Materials Today Bio
Article Title: Icariin-loaded GelMa hydrogel encapsulated potassium sodium niobate biomimetic piezoelectric scaffold regulates macrophage polarization to accelerate bone defect repair
doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102476
Figure Lengend Snippet: Ultrasound-dependent osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on composite scaffolds. (A)Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining after 7 days showing early osteogenic differentiation. Purple staining indicates ALP activity. (B) Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining after 14 days showing mineral deposition. Orange-red staining indicates calcium phosphate precipitation. (C) Quantitative analysis of ALP activity normalized to OD450. (D) Quantitative analysis of mineral deposition by ARS absorption at 570 nm. (E) Western blot analysis of COL1 and RUNX2 proteins with β-actin loading control. (F, G) Quantitative protein expression analysis of COL1 (F) and RUNX2 (G) normalized to β-actin. (H) Heat map showing fold-change in osteogenic gene expression (ALP, RUNX2, BMP2, COL1, OPN, OCN) under different conditions. Data represent mean ± SD (n = 6). Statistical significance: ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001 comparing US(+) vs US(−) within the same group. US(−): static culture; US(+): ultrasonic stimulation (1.5 MHz, 30 mW/cm 2 , 10 min/day).
Article Snippet: At 12 weeks post-surgery, immunohistochemistry was used to assess new bone formation using anti-bone sialoprotein (BSP) and anti-osteocalcin (OCN) primary antibodies (Servicebio, Wuhan, China; 1:200 dilution) incubated overnight at 4 °C, and rabbit IgG secondary antibodies (2-step plus Poly-HRP Anti Rabbit IgG Detection System) incubated at room temperature for 2 h.
Techniques: Staining, Activity Assay, Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Gene Expression